What Is an ADU?
An accessory dwelling unit is a second, self-contained home on the same lot as your main house, with its own kitchen, bathroom, and entrance. Backyard home, in-law unit, casita, granny flat: all the same thing.
Bay Area homeowners build them for rental income, for a parent or grown kid who wants a front door of their own, and for what a legal second unit does to an appraisal. Approval is ministerial under state law, so there's no hearing and no neighbor sign-off.